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T he wars came to an end in 17AD when Tiberius conquered
Cappadocia and placed it under Roman rule. After the
conquest, the Romans reconstructed the road to the west
that was of both commercial and military significance.
During the Roman era the area saw many migrations and
attacks from the east. The area was defended by Roman
military units known as "Legions".
During the reign of Emperor Septimus Severus,
 Cappadocia's economy flourished, but the capital,
Kayseri (Caesera) was attacked by Sassanid armies from
Iran. Emperor Gordianus III ordered the construction of
defensive city walls.
During this time some of the first Christians were
moving from the big cities to villages. In the 4th
century, when Kayseri was a flourishing religious centre,
the rocky landscape of Göreme was discovered. Adopting
the teachings of St. Basil, Bishop of Caesarea
(Kayseri), the Christians began to lead a monastic life
in the carved out rocks of Cappadocia.
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